National Airspace System
Cross Country Flight Planning
National Airspace System
Objective: the student will be introduced to the types of airspaces such as controlled and uncontrolled. The student will also be introduced to special use airspaces.
Completion Standards: the student will be able to relay the different airspaces along with the weather minimums for each. The student will also be able to describe some of the Special Use Airspaces are what they are for.
References: AIM, PHAK, Aeronautical Chart Users Guide
Equipment: White Board and markers, iPad/ computer
IP’s Actions:
Assess student
State the objective and completion standards
Writes down references
Provide attention getter
Present content
Assessment
Assign Homework
SP’s Actions:
Take notes
Ask Questions
Introduction:
(Attention Getter) : using the sectional, using the IPad
Motivation: (Discuss purpose for lesson and relate to Attention getter)
Overview:
What is an Airspace?
Airspace classes
Weather Minimums
Special use airspace
Other airspaces
Content:
What is an Airspace?
Where is it located?
Categories of airspace
Regulatory
A, B, C, D, E and Restricted, Prohibited areas
Nonregulatory
military operations areas [MOA], warning areas, alert areas, controlled firing areas [CFA], and national security areas [NSA]
Types of Airspace
Controlled
Towered
Controlled by another service
Uncontrolled
Not controlled by another service
Special Use Airspace
Other airspace
Why are they laid out the way they are?
The complexity or density of aircraft movements,
The nature of the operations conducted within the airspace,
The level of safety required, and
The national and public interest.
Airspace classes (Draw on board for each)
operating rules, pilot certification, and airplane equipment requirements for the following:
Class A.
Controlled
From 18,000’ to 60,000
12 nautical miles off coast of contiguous US
Operating rules
Must be on IFR Flight Plan
Cloud clearances do not apply
Not charted
Class D.
Controlled
Part time
Turns into class E or class G
From surface up to 2,500’ AGL
Not always (Flagler, Orman, New Smyrna)
Operating Rules
Pilot certificate- not needed
Equipment
2 Way Radio
Entry requirements
2 way communication
Use of callsign then able to enter unless ATC says otherwise
Speed
Below 2,500’
No more than 200 Kn
Class C.
Controlled
From surface to 4000’ AGL
Extends 10 NM from center of airport (radius)
1,200’ to 4,000’
Core to 5 NM radius
Operating rules
Pilot certification – not needed
Equipment
2-way radio
Mode C Transponder
Ads-B out
Entry requirements
2 way communication
Use of callsign then able to enter unless ATC says otherwise
Speed
Below 2,500’
No more than 200 Kn
Class B.
Controlled
From surface to 10,000’ AGL
Upside down cake
Operating rules
Pilot certification – private pilot or student pilot with and endorsement
Equipment
2-way radio
Mode C Transponder
Ads-B out
Entry requirements
2 way communication
Use of callsign then able to enter unless ATC says otherwise
Clearance to enter Class B Airspace
With use of Callsign
Speed
Below 2,500’
No more than 200 Kn
Class E.
Controlled
From 1200’ AGL to 18,000’ MSL and above 60,000’ MSL
Operating rules
Pilot certification – not needed
Equipment
Transponder with automatic altitude reporting capability,
10,000’ or above it is required
Ads-B out
Functions (show examples on Foreflight)
SEATDOG (Acronym)
Surface
Extension
Instrument approaches
Airways
Transition
700’
1200’
Magenta vs not
Blue VS not
Domestic enroute
Offshore
God > 60,000’
Speed
Below 2,500’
No more than 200 Kn
Class G.
Uncontrolled
Show on Foreflight
Surface to 1200’
Could extend to 14,500’ (Show Alaska)
Outside blue shaded area
Basic VFR Weather Minimums for all classes of airspace.
Special use airspace (SUA).
Prohibited areas
You are unable to go through these areas
Show on sectional
Are established for security or other reasons associated with the national welfare
Restricted areas
Military operations
Do not fly through the areas
Ask center if they are cold or hot
Alert areas
High traffic areas
Flight school training
Warning areas
Like prohibited areas but over water
Show on sectional
Are established for security or other reasons associated with the national welfare
MOA’s (Military Operations Area)
To restrict IFR traffic
Can go through VFR
Use extreme CUATION
CFA’s (Controlled Firing Areas)
Hazardous activities
Not depicted on sectional
Have own radar and stops for aircrafts
NSA’s (National Security Area) (near KSUN east)
Voluntary to avoid
Other airspaces
Temporary flight restrictions (TFR)
Acts as a restricted or prohibited area
Major events
VIPs
Military training routes
IFR routes
Parachute jump aircraft operations
VFR routes
Terminal radar service areas
Special Air Traffic Rules (SATR)
Special Flight Rules Area (SFRA)
Weather reconnaissance area (WRA)
Conclusion
What is an Airspace?
Airspace classes
Weather Minimums
Special use airspace
Other airspaces
(Questions to assess student)
What is an airspace?
What airspaces are there?
What are the weather minimums for class B, E?
What is an alert area?
HW:
Go over airspace weather minimums and where might we find an NSA