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Certificates and Documents

Regulations, Airworthiness, Certification, and Documents

Certificates and Documents
Certificates and Documents

Objective: the student will be introduced to the certificates and document regarding recreational, private, and commercial flight certificates. The student will also be introduced to medical certificates.

Completion Standards: the student will be able to explain some of the requirements for private pilot and the limitations. The student will also be able to explain the different medical certificates. 

References: PHAK, FAR part 61, 119, AC 120-12A, POH

Equipment: White Board and markers, iPad/ computer 

IP’s Actions:

  • Assess student

  • State the objective and completion standards

  • Writes down references

  • Provide attention getter

  • Present content

  • Assessment

  • Assign Homework

SP’s Actions:

  • Take notes

  • Ask Questions

Introduction: 

(Attention Getter) : (Link goes here)

Motivation: (Discuss purpose for lesson and relate to Attention getter)

Overview:

  1. Training requirements

  2. Privileges and limitations

  3. Medical certificates

  4. Basic Med (Part 68.x)

  5. Recent flight experience requirements

  6. Flight reviews

  7. logbook entries



Content:

Training requirements

Recreational certificate [61.96]

Must receive and log at least 30 hours of flight time that includes at least:

  1. 15 hours from an authorized instructor in the areas listed in 61.98

  2. 3 hours of flight training for the rating sought in preparation of the practical test (within 60 days)

  3. 3 hours of solo flying

Private certificate [61.109]

  1. For an airplane single engine rating

    1. Must log at least 40 hours of flight time

      1. At least 20 of which must be flight instruction from an authorized instructor

      2. At least 10 hours must be solo flight including

        1. 5 hours of solo cross-country time

        2. One solo cross country flight of at least 150 nm total distance with full stop landings at a minimum of 3 points and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight line distance of at least 50 nm between the T/O and LDG locations

        3. 3 T/Os and LDGs to a full stop at an airport with an operating control tower

    2. The training must include at least:

      1. 3 hours cross-country flight training in a single engine plane

      2. 3 hours of night flight training which includes:

        1. Once cross-country flight over 100 nm total distance

        2. 10 T/Os and LDGs to a full stop at an airport

      3. 3 hours of flight training on the control/maneuvering solely by reference to instruments

      4. 3 hours of flight training in prep for the practical test (within 60 days)

  2. For an airplane multiengine rating the same requirements apply but in a multiengine airplane

    1. Except, the 10 hours of solo time must be in an airplane


Commercial certificate [61.129]

  1. For an airplane single engine rating

    1. Must log at least 250 hours of flight time as a pilot that consists of at least:

      1. 100 hours in powered aircraft, 50 hours of which must be in airplanes

      2. 100 hours of PIC flight time, which includes at least:

        1. 50 hours in airplanes; and

        2. 50 hours in cross-country flight of which at least 10 hours must be in airplanes

      3. 20 hours of training in the areas of operation [61.127(b)(1)] that includes at least:

        1. 10 hrs of instrument training of which at least 5 hrs must be in a single engine airplane

        2. 10 hrs of training in an airplane that has retractable gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller, or is turbine powered

        3. One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in a SE airplane in day VFR conditions The total straight-line distance must be more than 100 nm

        4. 3 hrs in a SE airplane in prep for the practical test (within 60 days)

      4. 10 hrs of solo flight time in a SE on the areas of operation in [61.127] which includes at least:

        1. One cross-country flight not less than 300 nm total distance with landings at a min of 3 points, one of which is a straight-line distance of at least 250 nm

        2. 5 hrs in night VFR conditions with 10 T/Os and LDGs with an operating control tower

  2. For an airplane multiengine rating

    1. The same as the single engine rating but with ME airplane requirements instead of SE


Privileges and limitations

Recreational certificate [61.101]

  1. A person who holds a recreational pilot certificate may:

    1. Carry no more than one passenger; and

    2. Not pay less than the pro rata share of the operating expenses of a flight with a passenger, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenses, or aircraft rental fees

  2. With less than 400 flight hours, and has not logged PIC in an aircraft within the preceding 180 days shall not act as PIC until receiving flight training and an endorsement certifying PIC proficiency

Private pilot

  1. May not act as PIC of an aircraft carrying passengers or property for compensation or hire

  2. May act as PIC for compensation/hire if incidental to the business and no passengers or property

  3. May not pay less than the pro rata share of the operating expenses of a flight provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees

  4. May act as PIC for a charitable, nonprofit, or community event [91.146]

  5. May be reimbursed for operating expenses directly related to search and rescue

  6. May demonstrate an aircraft to a potential buyer if have over 200 hrs and are an aircraft salesman

  7. May act as PIC of an aircraft towing a glider under [61.69]

  8. May not act as PIC for comp/hire as SIC of an aircraft type certificated for more than 1 pilot or act as SIC for an aircraft carrying persons/property for comp/hire

Commercial

  1. May act as PIC of an aircraft carrying persons or property for comp/hire

  2. May act as PIC of an aircraft for comp/hire (Part 119.1)

  1. Student instruction

  2. Ferry flights

  3. Crop dusting

  4. Banner towing

  5. Aerial photography/ surveying

  6. Fire flighting

  1. Without an instrument rating in the same category and class, the carriage of passengers for hire on x-country flights over 50 nm or at night is prohibited

  2. Common Carriage/ Private Carriage (AC 120-12A)

  1. Holding out- way of advertising for airlines/ Common Carrier 

    1. Accomplished through Agents or salesman 

    2. Procure passenger traffic from the general public and collect them into groups to be carried by the operator. Or individuals

  2. Common Carriage

    1. (1) a holding out of a willingness to 

    2. (2) transport persons or property 

    3. (3) from place to place 

    4. (4) for compensation. This "holding out" which makes a person a common carrier can be done in many ways, and it does not matter how it is done.

  3. Private Carriage 

    1. Does not involve Holding Out

    2. Contract carriers

      1. 1 or several customers

        1. Long term basis

    3. Contracts must not be too great

      1. Less than 18-24 contracts


Medical certificates

First class

  1. When exercising the privileges of an ATP certificate

  2. Expires the end of the last day of the:

    1. 12th month for 1st class activities

    2. 6 months (over age of 40)

    3. 12th month for 2nd class activities

    4. 24th month for 3rd class activities (over 40 years old)

    5. 60th month for 3rd class activities (under 40 years old)

Second Class

  1. When exercising the privileges of Commercial certificate

  2. Expires the end of the last day of the:

    1. 12th month for 2nd class activities

    2. 12 months (over age of 40)

    3. 24th month for 3rd class activities (over 40 years old)

    4. 60th month for 3rd class activities (under 40 years old)

Third Class

  1. When exercising the privileges of a CFI, Private, Recreational, Student certificate, etc.

  2. Expires the end of the last day of the:

    1. 24th month (over 40 years old)

    2. 60th month (under 40 years old)

If Unable To Obtain a Medical! (Part 67.401)

  • SODA- Statement of Demonstrated Ability

    • Whose disqualifying condition is static or nonprogressive and who has been found capable of performing airman duties without endangering public safety.

    • Is valid as long as the physical impairment does not worsen.

    • Does not expire 

  • Special Issuance Authorization

    • A special issuance is a discretionary issuance by the FAA Federal Air Surgeon

    • Requires satisfactory completion of special testing determined by the FAA 

    • To demonstrate that an airman is safe to fly 

    • For the duration of the medical certificate issued.


Basic Med (Part 68.x)

  • As of May 1, 2017, pilots had the ability to take advantage of some new regulatory relief in the form of a program called Basic Med. 

  • This allows pilots to operate without a normal medical certificate. 

  • This privilege is granted with a complete a medical education course, 

  • Mostly for recreational flying

  • Undergo a medical examination every four years, and comply with aircraft and operating restrictions. 

Basic Med Information (FAA)

Basic Med FAQ (FAA)

Pilot Requirements

  1. Possess a U.S. driver’s license

  2. Have held a medical that was valid at any time after July 15, 2006.

  3. Have not had the most recently held medical certificate revoked, suspended, or withdrawn.

  4. Have not had the most recent application for medical certification completed and denied.

  5. Have completed a medical education course described in FESSA within the past 24 calendar months

  6. Have received a comprehensive medical examination from a State-licensed physician within the previous 48 months.

  7. Be under the care and treatment of a physician for certain conditions

  8. When applicable, have been found eligible for special issuance of a medical certificate for certain specified mental health, neurological, or cardiovascular conditions

  9. Make certain health attestations and agree to a National Driver Register check

Aircraft Requirements

  1. Any aircraft authorized under federal law to carry not more than 6 occupants

  2. Has a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than 6,000 pounds

Basic Operating Requirements

  1. Carries not more than 5 passengers

  2. Operates under VFR or IFR, within the United States, at less than 18,000’ MSL, and not exceeding 250 knots

  3. Flight not operated for compensation or hire


Recent flight experience requirements

Pilot in command

  1. To carry passengers, a pilot must have made 3 T/Os and LDGs within the preceding 90 days, and

    1. Acted as the sole manipulator of the flight controls in the same category, class, type aircraft

  2. To carry passengers, 1 hr after sunset to 1 hr before sunrise, a pilot must have 3 T/Os and LDGs within the preceding 90 days to a full stop during that time period, and

  1. Night

    1. The time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight

      1. Geographical

      2. When center of sun is 6° below horizon

    2. One hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise for logging takeoffs and landings for recent experience currency.

  2. Acted as the sole manipulator of the flight controls in the same category, class, type aircraft

  1. For IFR conditions, within the preceding 6 months, you must have performed and logged at least

    1. 6 instrument approaches, holding procedures, and intercepting/tracking courses

      1. A person who does not meet these reqs within the prescribed time or within 6 calendar months after it, must take an IPC to serve as PIC


Flight reviews

  1. No person may act as PIC unless, within the preceding 24 calendar months he has

    1. Accomplished a flight review and received a log book endorsement certifying it was completed

  2. Consists of a MINIMUM of 1 hour of flight training and 1 hour of ground training and must include:

    1. A review of the current general operating rules and flight rules of Part 91 and a review of those maneuvers that are necessary for the pilot to demonstrate the safe exercise of the certificate


Required logbook entries 61.51

  1. General

    1. Date, Total flight/lesson time; location of departure/arrival (for a sim, the location where the lesson occurred); type and identification of aircraft, sim, or training device; and the name of the safety pilot (if necessary)

  2. Type of pilot experience or training

    1. Solo, PIC, SIC, Flight and ground training received, training in a sim or flight training device

  3. Conditions of Flight

    1. Day/Night, Actual Instrument, Simulated Instrument in flight or a sim/FTD


Conclusion

  1. Training requirements

  2. Privileges and limitations

  3. Medical certificates

  4. Basic Med (Part 68.x)

  5. Recent flight experience requirements

  6. Flight reviews

  7. logbook entries


(Questions to assess student)

What are the limitation for private pilot?

How can we carry passengers at night?

How long does a 1st class medical last?

What is basic med?


HW: 

Look over the basic med requirements (part 68/ AC 68)


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