Chandelles

Objective: the student will be introduced to a chandell and what they can be used for.

Completion Standards: the student will be able to explain the purpose of a chandell as well as explain the procedures. The student will also explain the differences between the left ant right turns.

References: AFH

Equipment: White Board and markers, iPad/ computer 

IP’s Actions:

• Assess student

• State the objective and completion standards

• Writes down references

• Provide attention getter

• Present content

• Assessment

• Assign Homework

SP’s Actions:

• Take notes

• Ask Questions

Introduction: 

(Attention Getter) : have you been to an airshow?

Motivation: (Discuss purpose for lesson and relate to Attention getter)

Overview:

1. Purpose of chandelles

2. Procedure

3. Common Errors

Content:

Purpose of chandelles

• Is a maximum performance, 180° climbing turn

• The goal is to gain the most altitude possible for a given bank angle and power setting

• It is not the amount of altitude gained, but rather the pilot’s proficiency as it pertains to maximizing climb performance for the power and bank selected,

Procedure

Setup

1. Select an altitude that will allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500’ AGL

2. Perform the PRE-MANEUVER FLOW and make a position report (see page 2-26).

Entry/ Maneuver First 90° Draw

1. Adjust the pitch and power to maintain altitude and 105 KIAS (approx. 2350 RPM). Re-trim as necessary.

2. Select a prominent visual reference point directly off from the wing tip (left or right) and out towards the horizon.

3. Initiate a roll into a 30° bank in the direction of the reference point.

4. After the bank is established, initiate a climbing turn by smoothly applying elevator back pressure to increase the pitch attitude, and apply full power

   1. While maintaining a 30° bank, continue increasing the pitch attitude at a constant rate so as to attain the highest pitch attitude (approx. 18-20°)

 Rollout Second 90° Draw

1. At the 90° point in the turn, 

   1. Maintain the pitch attitude by continuing to increase backpressure (due to decreasing airspeed) and 

   2. Initiate a slow rate of rollout so as to arrive at the 180° point with the wings level (reference point off from the opposite wing) and at minimum controllable airspeed (stall warning).

2. Left side

   1. The left wing must be raised by lowering the left aileron. 

   2. This creates more drag on the left wing resulting in a tendency for the airplane to yaw to the left (Left turning tendency)

   3. With the low airspeed torque effect also tries to make the airplane yaw to the left. 

   4. To maintain coordination significant right rudder will be required.

3. Right side

   1. The right wing must be raised by lowering the right aileron. 

   2. This creates more drag on the right wing and tends to make the airplane yaw right. 

   3. At the same time the effect of torque at the lower airspeed is causing the airplane’s nose to yaw to the left. (left turning tendency)

      1. These two forces work against each other causing there to be somewhat less need for right rudder.

Recovery

1. To recover, maintain the heading while decreasing the pitch attitude, allowing the airplane to accelerate while maintaining the last altitude attained.

2. Set cruise power.

3. Re-trim as necessary

Common Errors

• Improper pitch, bank, and power coordination during entry or completion

• Uncoordinated use of flight controls

• Improper planning and timing of pitch and bank attitude changes

• Factors related to failure in achieving maximum performance

• A stall during the maneuver

Conclusion

1. Purpose of chandelles

2. Procedure

3. Common Errors

(Questions to assess student)

What is the purpose of a chandelle?

When could we use it?

What are the differences between the left and right turns?

What is the procedures for the first and last 90 degrees?

HW:

Look of the AFH